Preparation of Aspartimide-Based Polyurea Elastomers and Study of Their Anti-Icing Properties

Ice accretion is a common phenomenon in natural environments. However, severe ice accretion significantly affects people’s daily lives and poses major challenges across multiple fields, including communication systems, wind power generation, offshore operations, aerospace engineering, and polar exploration. A polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS）-modified aspartimide-based polyurea elastomer (SPUE) was synthesized via a two-step method using hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HTPDMS), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and polyaspartic ester (PAE) as raw materials. Molecular design strategies were employed to introduce flexible silicone hydrophobic segments and rigid urea linkages, achieving a synergistic enhancement of anti-icing performance and mechanical performance. The results demonstrate that SPUE exhibits outstanding anti-icing performance, with a water contact angle of 133°, a water rolling angle of 19°, and an ice adhesion strength of 47 kPa. The material retains stable performance after 1 000 abrasion cycles and 3,000 h of UV aging. Moreover, the material shows excellent rain erosion resistance, highlighting its potential for applications in wind turbine blade protection.