Preparation and Photothermal Properties of Polypyrrole Chitosan Composite Aerogels
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摘要: 以聚吡咯（PPy）作为高效宽谱太阳光吸收的光热转换材料，通过固-液冷冻干燥法制备聚吡咯壳聚糖复合气凝胶（PPyCS）应用于太阳能驱动水蒸发系统。通过控制气凝胶交联程度和聚吡咯聚合时间对PPyCS制备工艺进行系统性优化。结果表明，所得气凝胶具有高吸光率（97.83%）。在1 kW/m2光照强度下，复合气凝胶实现了水蒸发速率为3.1 kg/（m2·h）的高效太阳能水蒸发系统；通过对离子质量浓度为1 000 mg/L的模拟海水进行重复性测试，循环5次后，光热转换效率基本保持不变；对天然海水实现了高效水蒸发速率（1.129 kg/（m2·h）），处理后的水质达到世界卫生组织饮用水标准。Abstract: Polypyrrole (PPy) is a photothermal conversion material with high efficiency and broad-spectrum absorption of sunlight. Polypyrrole chitosan (PPyCS) composite aerogel was prepared by freeze drying and applied to the solar water evaporation system. The preparation process of polypyrrole was optimized by controlling the crosslinking degree of aerogels and the polymerization time of polypyrrole. Results showed that the excellent photothermal conversion performance of PPy made the PPyCS composite aerogels with high absorbance (97.83%). Under the light intensity of 1 kW/m2, the crosslinking agent (glutaraldehyde) was 150 μL, and polypyrrole reacted for 3 h, the composite aerogels achieved the best value. The evaporation rate 2.6 kg/ (m2·h) and the photothermal conversion efficiency was 97.63%. Under the light intensity of 1 kW/m2, the composite aerogel had higher evaporation rate (1.129 kg/(m2·h)) for natural seawater. After the 5 repeated tests, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the composite aerogel basically remained the same for the simulated seawater desalinated with 1 000 mg/L concentration. The water quality after treatment reached World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard.
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Key words:
- polypyrrole /
- chitosan aerogel /
- photothermal conversion /
- seawater desalination
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图 1 （a）CS气凝胶的制备流程；（b）光热界面水蒸发系统示意图
Figure 1. （a）Preparation process of CS aerogel; （b）Schematic diagram of water evaporation system at photothermal interface
图 4 CS气凝胶及PPyCS复合气凝胶的SEM图
Figure 4. SEM images of CS aerogel and PPyCS composite aerogel
a—CS aerogel with glutaraldehyde of 50 μL; b—CS aerogel with glutaraldehyde of 150 μL; (c) Local enlarged images of (a); (d) Local enlarged images of (b); (e) PPyCS composite aerogel; (f) Cross section of PPyCS composite aerogel
图 5 PPyCS复合气凝胶蒸汽性能图
a—PPyCS aerogel vapor containing glutaraldehyde 30 μL; b—PPyCS aerogel vapor containing glutaraldehyde 50 μL ; c, d—PPYCs composite aerogels with different glutaraldehyde volume
Figure 5. Steam performance properties of PPyCS composite aerogel
图 6 PPyCS复合气凝胶脱盐稳定性测试
Figure 6. Desalination stability experiment of PPyCS composite aerogels
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