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    季铵盐阳离子聚合物对耐甲氧西林与敏感金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌选择性

    Antibacterial Selectivity of Quaternary Ammonium Cationic Polymers against Methicillin-Resistant and Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

    • 摘要: 通过可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合和烷基化反应制备了季铵化聚二甲基氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯(PQDMA),并系统评估其抗菌活性、生物被膜清除性能以及血液、细胞相容性。季铵盐阳离子聚合物PQDMA展现出区别于阳离子抗生素庆大霉素的抗菌选择性:相较于普通金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus),PQDMA对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)具有更强的膜极化效应,并对MRSA生物被膜具有更强的渗透性。这种反常的抗菌选择性可能源于MRSA耐药相关的膜结构重塑,增强了阳离子聚合物与细菌细胞膜的结合亲和力。本研究为发展具有结构靶向性的抗耐药菌阳离子聚合物材料提供了新思路。

       

      Abstract: Quaternized poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PQDMA) was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and alkylation reactions. Its antibacterial activity, biofilm clearance capacity, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility were systematically evaluated. The results revealed that PQDMA, a quaternary ammonium cationic polymer, exhibited antibacterial selectivity distinct from the cationic antibiotic gentamicin. The minimum bactericidal concentration (ρMB) of PQDMA against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was reduced to 16 μg/mL, a quarter of that against wild-type S. aureus (64 μg/mL). PQDMA also showed stronger membrane depolarization effects and superior permeability against MRSA biofilms.This paradoxical selectivity may stem from MRSA’s membrane structural remodeling during resistance development, which potentially enhances the binding affinity between the cationic polymer and the bacterial membrane. Furthermore, PQDMA demonstrated excellent biocompatibility: its minimum concentration causing 10% hemolysis (HC10) exceeded 1024 μg/mL, and its half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 128 μg/mL, indicating favorable hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility within its effective bactericidal range. This study offers novel insights for developing cationic polymer materials with structural targeting for antibiotic-resistant bacteria .

       

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