Abstract: Polyurea is a kind of high-performance polymer material synthesized through the rapid reactions of isocyanates and amine compounds. Since the 1990s, polyurea has been rapidly applied and developed in the field of waterproof materials, due to its excellent physical properties and chemical stability. This review introduces the chemical structure, characteristics, synthesis methods, and recent advancements in polyurea research. Additionally, it highlights various applications in construction and infrastructure, such as bridges, basements, and railway decks. Finally, this review discusses the existing challenges in the use of polyurea as a waterproof material and provides our opinions on the future development trends, including simplification of construction technique and equipment, development of novel polyurea structures and in-depth study of the relationship between polyurea structure and properties.