Abstract: The development of large commercial planes in our country urgently requires high performance resin composites, especially with high strength and high toughness at present. Polytriazole （PTA） resins have been used as the matrices of high-performance composites in the high-tech fields because of their high mechanical properties and good heat resistance. In order to further enhance the toughness of PTA resins, and expand more applications of the PTA resins, some research on the toughening modification of PTA resin is carried out. This paper reviews the research progress on the toughening modification of the PTA resin and summarizes the change rule of the properties for polyether-modifying PTA resins and nano polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane （POSS）-modifying PTA resins and the effects of the toughening modification. By introducing the flexible polyether chain segments into the polytriazole network, the impact strengths of the produced polytriazole （EPTA-A） resins significantly increase. However, the flexural strength and glass transition temperature of the EPTA-A resins decrease. With the introduction of the nano POSS structures and the increase of the POSS content, the impact strength and flexural strength of formed polytriazole （POSS-PTA） resins increase first and then decrease, while the glass transition temperature of POSS-PTA resins is basically unchanged. The development prospect of the tough PTA resins is discussed.