Abstract: Coordination polymer frameworks are well-known as one kind of functional materials in many fields such as gas storage and separation, sensing, energy storage and conversion, etc., due to their high specific surface areas (up to 7 000 m²/g), porous structures as well as versatile metal centers. However, their potential applications in energy related areas have been hindered because most of them are electrical insulators (less than 10^-10 S/cm). Therefore, rational design and synthesis of coordination polymer frameworks with good electrical conductivity has been rising as one of the hotspots for both scientific and industry communities. Due to the highest flexible connectivity compared to one-dimensional and three-dimensional coordination polymers, two-dimensional (2D) coordination polymers are considered to be the most promising candidates with excellent electrical properties. In this review, the design principles and conductivity measurement methods for conductive coordination polymer frameworks are summarized. Then, the recent progress of conductive 2D coordination polymer frameworks and their application in the field of energy conversion and storage are reviewed.